Justice and its Kinds — KSLU Jurisprudence Notes

Justice and its Kinds

flowchart TD
    ROOT["Justice"]:::root
    ROOT --> A["Natural justice<br/>(audi alteram partem;<br/>nemo judex in causa sua)"]:::leaf
    ROOT --> B["Distributive<br/>(fair allocation —<br/>Aristotle, Rawls)"]:::leaf
    ROOT --> C["Corrective / remedial<br/>(undoing wrongs —<br/>damages, restitution)"]:::leaf
    ROOT --> D["Legal justice<br/>(justice according to law,<br/>administered by courts)"]:::leaf

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    classDef leaf fill:#E6F3FF,stroke:#1E3A8A,color:#000;
    linkStyle default stroke:#888,stroke-width:1px;

Civil vs criminal administration of justice: civil justice enforces rights (remedy: damages, injunction, specific relief — the wrong is to the individual); criminal justice punishes wrongs against the State (remedy: punishment — prosecution by the State, proof beyond reasonable doubt). Salmond’s point of distinction is the purpose of the proceeding (enforcement vs punishment), not the act itself — the same facts can yield both.