https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/ Free Land Law notes for LL.B. — the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act 2013 (eminent domain, social impact assessment, public purpose, food-security safeguards, the acquisition procedure, determination of compensation and R&R), the monitoring and LARR authorities, the Karnataka land-reform framework (the PTCL Act 1978, tenancy and the Land Tribunal, conferment of ownership, ceiling on holdings and consolidation), and revenue administration. Full topic notes, landmark cases and solved IRAC problems. Hugo en-us https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/solved-problems/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/solved-problems/ Ten Land Law exam problems solved in the IRAC method — Issue, Rule, Analysis, Conclusion — with full model answers, spanning all five units. https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/past-questions/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/past-questions/ KSLU previous-year question papers for Land Law — unit-wise and topic-wise questions and frequency. https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/scope-salient-features-objects-and-historical-development-of-the-act/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/scope-salient-features-objects-and-historical-development-of-the-act/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Scope, Salient Features, Objects and Historical Development of the Act. The Act's own title is its object clause. It promises four things: acquisition will be humane and participative (people are consulted, not… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/the-states-power-of-eminent-domain/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/the-states-power-of-eminent-domain/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on The State's Power of Eminent Domain. The State can take your property — but only if a proper law allows it. Article 300A is the modern home of eminent domain: it does not stop the State taking land, it insists the State… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/social-impact-assessment-sia-meaning-process-and-relevance/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/social-impact-assessment-sia-meaning-process-and-relevance/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Social Impact Assessment (SIA) — Meaning, Process and Relevance. Section 4 says the government cannot just decide to take land — it must first sit down with the local elected bodies and study, together with them, what… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/determination-of-social-impact-and-public-purpose/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/determination-of-social-impact-and-public-purpose/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Determination of Social Impact and Public Purpose. 'Public purpose' is not open-ended under this Act — it is a checklist. If the project fits one of the heads in section 2(1) (defence, infrastructure, housing for the… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/special-provision-to-safeguard-food-security/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/special-provision-to-safeguard-food-security/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Special Provision to Safeguard Food Security. Section 10 says: don't take prime irrigated farmland unless you truly have no other option; and if you do take it, either develop an equal amount of wasteland into farmland,… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/notification-and-acquisition-procedure/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/notification-and-acquisition-procedure/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Notification and Acquisition Procedure. The moment the government publishes a preliminary notification over your land, something invisible but powerful happens: your land freezes. You still own it, but you can no longer… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/determination-of-compensation-market-value-cost-of-acquisition-and-elements-of-price/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/determination-of-compensation-market-value-cost-of-acquisition-and-elements-of-price/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Determination of Compensation — Market Value, Cost of Acquisition and Elements of Price. After the Collector adds up the multiplied market value and the value of everything on the land, he must add the same amount again… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/rehabilitation-and-resettlement-r-and-r-award-and-procedure/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/rehabilitation-and-resettlement-r-and-r-award-and-procedure/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R&R) Award and Procedure. Section 31 forces the Collector to sit down for every affected family and write out an individual R&R Award — this family gets this house, this much land, this… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/special-provisions-for-scheduled-castes-and-scheduled-tribes-ss-41-42/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/special-provisions-for-scheduled-castes-and-scheduled-tribes-ss-41-42/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Special Provisions for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (ss. 41–42). Section 41 says: if you must take tribal or Scheduled-Caste families' land, do it only as a last resort, only after asking the Gram Sabha, and… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/national-monitoring-committee-for-rehabilitation-and-resettlement/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/national-monitoring-committee-for-rehabilitation-and-resettlement/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on National Monitoring Committee for Rehabilitation and Resettlement. Section 48 lets the Centre create one national watchdog for the biggest projects — the ones that stretch across more than one State. Its brief is narrow… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/the-land-acquisition-rehabilitation-and-resettlement-larr-authority/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/the-land-acquisition-rehabilitation-and-resettlement-larr-authority/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on The Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement (LARR) Authority. Section 51 says the Government must create a special tribunal — the LARR Authority — whose whole reason to exist is to settle land-acquisition… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/apportionment-of-compensation/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/apportionment-of-compensation/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Apportionment of Compensation. If everyone with a claim to the land agrees on the split, the Collector simply writes that split into the award, and that agreed division is final between them. No agreement means the… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/payment-of-compensation/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/payment-of-compensation/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Payment of Compensation. Normally the money goes straight into the owner's bank account. But if the owner won't take it, can't legally take it, or people are fighting over it, the Collector parks the money with the… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/utilisation-of-acquired-land-ss-99-100/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/utilisation-of-acquired-land-ss-99-100/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Utilisation of Acquired Land (ss. 99–100). Land taken for a hospital must be used for that hospital (or a closely related public use). Only if some genuine, unforeseen change makes the hospital impossible may the… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/change-of-purpose-and-return-of-unutilised-land-to-the-land-bank-ss-101-102/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/change-of-purpose-and-return-of-unutilised-land-to-the-land-bank-ss-101-102/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Change of Purpose and Return of Unutilised Land to the Land Bank (ss. 101–102). Take the land, then sit on it for five years without using it, and the Act forces it back out — to the person you took it from (or their… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/revenue-officers-constitution-appointment-powers-and-procedure/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/revenue-officers-constitution-appointment-powers-and-procedure/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Revenue Officers — Constitution, Appointment, Powers and Procedure. When a revenue officer decides a dispute — say, who is the lawful occupant — he is not just an administrator ticking a box; the law treats him as a… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/the-karnataka-revenue-appellate-tribunal-krat-constitution-and-powers/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/the-karnataka-revenue-appellate-tribunal-krat-constitution-and-powers/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on The Karnataka Revenue Appellate Tribunal (KRAT) — Constitution and Powers. Section 40 lets the Government set up one Tribunal for the entire State to sit at the top of the revenue ladder. Above the Deputy Commissioner… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/appeal-and-revision/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/appeal-and-revision/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Appeal and Revision. Section 56 lets a senior authority pull up the file of a junior officer just to check that the order was lawful and proper — and fix it if it was not — even when no one has appealed. That 'on our own… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/land-and-land-revenue-assessment-fixation-liability-and-exemption/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/land-and-land-revenue-assessment-fixation-liability-and-exemption/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Land and Land Revenue — Assessment, Fixation, Liability and Exemption. The default is that everything pays land revenue, everywhere, whatever it is used for. Freedom from the tax is the exception, and it exists only… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/record-of-rights-rtc-mutation-register-patta-book-and-disputed-cases/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/record-of-rights-rtc-mutation-register-patta-book-and-disputed-cases/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Record of Rights — RTC, Mutation Register, Patta Book and Disputed Cases. The RTC entry is a starting assumption, not the last word. If nobody challenges it, it is taken to be right; but the moment someone produces… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/realisation-and-recovery-of-land-revenue/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/realisation-and-recovery-of-land-revenue/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Realisation and Recovery of Land Revenue. When land revenue is owed, the State stands first in the queue — ahead of the mortgagee bank and every decree-holder. Because the unpaid revenue is a charge that rides with the… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/boundary-marks-and-settlement-of-boundary-disputes/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/boundary-marks-and-settlement-of-boundary-disputes/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Boundary Marks and Settlement of Boundary Disputes. A boundary mark is simply the official marker of where one plot ends and the next begins — a stone, a ridge, a strip of earth put there (or approved) by a revenue… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/grant-use-and-relinquishment-of-unalienated-land-pasturage-s-72/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/grant-use-and-relinquishment-of-unalienated-land-pasturage-s-72/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Grant, Use and Relinquishment of Unalienated Land (Pasturage, s. 72). When Government land has been set aside as a grazing common, the Deputy Commissioner is the officer who decides how that common is used — whose… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/conversion-of-agricultural-land-to-non-agricultural-use-s-95/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/conversion-of-agricultural-land-to-non-agricultural-use-s-95/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Conversion of Agricultural Land to Non-Agricultural Use (s. 95). You cannot turn a farm into a building site on your own say-so. Section 95 makes the Deputy Commissioner's prior permission the gate you must pass through,… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/revenue-courts-exclusive-jurisdiction-and-bar-of-civil-courts/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/revenue-courts-exclusive-jurisdiction-and-bar-of-civil-courts/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Revenue Courts — Exclusive Jurisdiction and Bar of Civil Courts. If the Act makes a revenue officer or the Tribunal the authority to decide something, the civil court must keep out of it. The civil court is not abolished… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/salient-features-of-the-karnataka-land-revenue-act-1964/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/salient-features-of-the-karnataka-land-revenue-act-1964/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Salient Features of the Karnataka Land Revenue Act, 1964. The title tells you the whole story: the Act's job was to gather up the scattered old revenue laws of the merged regions and turn them into one law for Karnataka… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/alluvial-land-alluvion-and-diluvion/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/alluvial-land-alluvion-and-diluvion/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Alluvial Land — Alluvion and Diluvion. If the river gives you a little land, you may use it and it is assessed to revenue; if the river gives a lot, the surplus belongs to the State. And if the river takes your land… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/the-ptcl-act-1978-and-the-prohibition-of-transfer-of-granted-lands/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/the-ptcl-act-1978-and-the-prohibition-of-transfer-of-granted-lands/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on The PTCL Act 1978 and the Prohibition of Transfer of Granted Lands. Any sale, gift or mortgage of granted land that breaks the grant's no-sale condition is treated as if it never happened — whether it was done before… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/tenancy-provisions-and-the-land-tribunal/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/tenancy-provisions-and-the-land-tribunal/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Tenancy Provisions and the Land Tribunal. If you are farming someone else's land lawfully, the law presumes you are a tenant with all the tenant's protections — unless you are really family, a paid labourer, or a… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/conferment-of-ownership-on-tenants/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/conferment-of-ownership-on-tenants/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Conferment of Ownership on Tenants. On the appointed day the tenanted land stopped belonging to the landlords and became the State's — a clean slate, free of mortgages and charges — precisely so the State could pass… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/ceiling-on-land-holdings/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/ceiling-on-land-holdings/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Ceiling on Land Holdings. Section 63 draws the line. Hold up to the ceiling and the land is yours; hold more and the excess is surplus that the State will take. The cap applies however you hold the land — as owner,… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/restrictions-on-holding-or-transfer-of-agricultural-lands/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/restrictions-on-holding-or-transfer-of-agricultural-lands/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Restrictions on Holding or Transfer of Agricultural Lands. If your income from outside farming is Rs. 25 lakh a year or more, the Act shuts you out of the farmland market — you cannot buy, lease or take a mortgage of… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/co-operative-farms/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/co-operative-farms/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Co-operative Farms. The entry ticket is simple — at least ten people, from the same or neighbouring villages, who together own or hold at least fifty acres. Meet that and you can register a co-operative farm and pool… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/fragmentation-and-consolidation-of-holdings/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/fragmentation-and-consolidation-of-holdings/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Fragmentation and Consolidation of Holdings. The law tries to stop farmland being chopped into useless slivers, and where it already has been, it re-arranges the slivers into one workable field per farmer. https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/classification-of-land-under-the-land-reforms-act/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/classification-of-land-under-the-land-reforms-act/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Classification of Land under the Land Reforms Act. A is rich, water-secure, double-crop land; D is dry, rain-dependent land; B and C sit in between. The richer the class, the fewer acres make up one 'unit'; the poorer… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/powers-and-functions-of-the-tahsildar/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/powers-and-functions-of-the-tahsildar/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Powers and Functions of the Tahsildar. The Tahsildar is the workhorse of Part B — he settles the smaller money-and-possession questions between landlord and tenant, and he executes the bigger decisions the Tribunal and… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/cultivation-of-uncultivated-and-surplus-land/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/cultivation-of-uncultivated-and-surplus-land/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Cultivation of Uncultivated and Surplus Land. If land is left uncultivated by someone bound to farm it, the Act lets the State take it and hand it to a landless person who will; and surplus land the State collects is… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/land-reforms-in-india-1947-to-1970-and-recent-amendments/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/land-reforms-in-india-1947-to-1970-and-recent-amendments/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Land Reforms in India 1947 to 1970 and Recent Amendments. The story runs from taking land from the powerful and giving it to the tiller (1947–74) towards loosening the rules so farmland can change hands more freely (the… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/the-ninth-schedule-and-judicial-scrutiny-of-land-reform-laws/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/the-ninth-schedule-and-judicial-scrutiny-of-land-reform-laws/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on The Ninth Schedule and Judicial Scrutiny of Land-Reform Laws. If a law is listed in the Ninth Schedule, you cannot get it struck down by arguing that it breaks a fundamental right. It was meant to protect land-reform… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/salient-features-and-objects-of-the-rera-act-2016/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/salient-features-and-objects-of-the-rera-act-2016/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Salient Features and Objects of the RERA Act, 2016. The Act's own title is its object clause. It promises four things — a regulator (the Authority), transparent sales (registration and disclosure), protection of the… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/registration-of-real-estate-projects/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/registration-of-real-estate-projects/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Registration of Real Estate Projects. The builder cannot do anything to sell the project — not even put up a hoarding — until the Authority has registered it. Registration comes first; everything else the builder wants… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/registration-of-real-estate-agents/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/registration-of-real-estate-agents/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Registration of Real Estate Agents. A broker cannot legally help you buy or sell a flat in a RERA project unless he himself is registered with the Authority. His registration number is like a licence plate — it must… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/functions-and-duties-of-the-promoter/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/functions-and-duties-of-the-promoter/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Functions and Duties of the Promoter. From the day he starts selling until the day he hands over every flat and the common areas, the promoter carries full responsibility for the project — to each buyer under the… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/rights-and-duties-of-allottees/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/rights-and-duties-of-allottees/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Rights and Duties of Allottees. If the builder fails to deliver on time, the buyer has a statutory right to get his money back with interest — he does not have to beg for it or prove damages the way he would in a civil… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/the-real-estate-regulatory-authority-constitution-powers-and-functions/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/the-real-estate-regulatory-authority-constitution-powers-and-functions/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on The Real Estate Regulatory Authority — Constitution, Powers and Functions. Each State must set up its own real-estate regulator within a year of the Act starting. That regulator is a legal 'person' in its own right, with… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/the-real-estate-appellate-tribunal-composition-and-powers/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/the-real-estate-appellate-tribunal-composition-and-powers/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on The Real Estate Appellate Tribunal — Composition and Powers. If you lose before the Authority (or its adjudicating officer), you do not go to the civil court — you appeal to the Real Estate Appellate Tribunal. It is the… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/offences-penalties-and-adjudication/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/offences-penalties-and-adjudication/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on Offences, Penalties and Adjudication. Sell a project without registering it, and you can be fined up to 10% of its cost; keep doing it after the Authority tells you to stop, and you can add another 10% fine and go to… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/the-karnataka-real-estate-regulation-and-development-rules-2017/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/the-karnataka-real-estate-regulation-and-development-rules-2017/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on The Karnataka Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Rules, 2017. Whenever the central Act says an amount, a form or a rate will be 'as prescribed', it is the Karnataka Rules, 2017 that fill in the blank for Karnataka.… https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/the-central-advisory-council/ Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000 https://medha-academy.in/subjects/land-law/the-central-advisory-council/ Free Land Law LL.B. notes on The Central Advisory Council. The Council's whole job is to give advice — on whether the Act is working, on policy, and on protecting consumers. It has no power to decide anything; it only recommends, and the Government…