Women — CEDAW 1979 — KSLU Hr Notes
Women — CEDAW 1979
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women — adopted 18 December 1979; entered into force 3 September 1981. Sometimes called the “International Bill of Rights for Women.”
flowchart TD
CEDAW["CEDAW 1979 — 30 Articles"]:::root
CEDAW --> DEF["Art. 1 — Definition of Discrimination Against Women"]:::art
CEDAW --> OBL["Art. 2 — State Obligations — enact laws, eliminate discrimination"]:::art
CEDAW --> POL["Art. 7 — Political and Public Life"]:::art
CEDAW --> ED["Art. 10 — Education — equal access"]:::art
CEDAW --> EMP["Art. 11 — Employment — equal pay, no dismissal on pregnancy"]:::art
CEDAW --> HLT["Art. 12 — Health — reproductive health, family planning"]:::art
CEDAW --> RUR["Art. 14 — Rural Women — specific protections"]:::art
CEDAW --> MON["Monitoring — CEDAW Committee — 23 independent experts"]:::art
classDef root fill:#FFF8DC,stroke:#000,stroke-width:1px,color:#000;
classDef art fill:#FFB6C1,stroke:#C71585,color:#000;
linkStyle default stroke:#888,stroke-width:1px;Key CEDAW Features
| Feature | Detail |
|---|---|
| Adopted | 1979; in force 1981 |
| Parties | 189 States (highest ratification) |
| Definition | Any distinction, exclusion or restriction based on sex — Art. 1 |
| Temp. Special Measures | Art. 4 — Affirmative action / reservations not discrimination |
| India ratified | 1993 — with reservations on Art. 5(a), Art. 16(1) (marriage and family) |
| Optional Protocol | 1999 — individual complaints and inquiry procedure |
CEDAW in Indian Courts
| Case | Holding |
|---|---|
| Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan (1997) | SC used CEDAW to lay down Vishaka Guidelines on sexual harassment at workplace |
| Joseph Shine v. UoI (2018) | Adultery law unconstitutional — gender equality under CEDAW cited |
| Mary Roy v. State of Kerala (1986) | Equal inheritance rights for Syrian Christian women |